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- Inspired by Portugal's early success in navigation, Spain finances Christopher Columbus' voyage to find a western trade route to Asia. Columbus lands in the Caribbean in , convinced he has reached East Asia. His voyage opens the Americas to later...
- Hoping to find a northwest passage to Asia, explorer John Cabot sets out on a voyage from England. May 20, Vasco da Gama reaches India after rounding Africa. Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama reaches India after rounding the southern tip of Africa....
- August 29, Francisco Pizarro executes the last Inca emperor. He capitalizes on the unrest in the Incan empire and quickly captures the Inca emperor, whom he executes in July 28, Martin Frobisher sights land in North America. In he sights the coast of what is now Labrador, Canada. Despite three voyages, Frobisher is unsuccessful in finding the Northwest Passage. December 31, English merchants found the East India Company. With this company, the English break the Spanish and Portuguese monopoly of the East Indian spice trade. The company later becomes involved in politics and acts as an agent of British imperialism in India. In the late s, the Dutch set up colonies and trading posts around the world. A group of wealthy merchants found the Dutch East India Company, which furthers their quest to be the major European commercial power in the east. The company also comes into conflict with the English East India Company.
- After an arduous voyage, Columbus and his men reached land on October 12, At dawn Columbus went ashore and encountered a group of people who called themselves the Taino. He renamed their island San Salvador and claimed it for Spain. They willingly traded everything they owned…They were well built, with good bodies and handsome features…They do not bear arms, and do not know them, for I showed them a sword, they took it by the edge and cut themselves out of ignorance.
- They have no iron. Their spears are made of cane…They would make fine servants…With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want. Other countries quickly set sail across the Atlantic to lay claims and to explore. Like Columbus, European explorers set sail to the New World in search of gold. Many set sail to introduce the native people to God, while others set sail seeking glory. Explorers The main explorers during the Age of Exploration were: Date.
- Spanish explorers learned about potatoes and sent them back to Europe. Over time, European farmers found potatoes to be an easy-to-grow, nutritious crop. Potatoes allowed European populations to increase as people became healthier and better fed. Which of the following is the best main idea of the passage? The Columbian Exchange had a harmful impact on the way people farmed and ate. The Columbian Exchange has not had a lasting impact on the way we farm and eat today. Why were European diseases such as smallpox and measles so devastating to the American Indians? The American Indians got sick and lost their jobs to enslaved Africans. The American Indians were already weak from earlier diseases caught from the Vikings. The American Indians were unprepared when the Europeans used the diseases as weapons of war.
- Evidence of Aboriginal art in Australia can be traced back some 30, years. Indigenous Australians are believed to have arrived in Australia 50, to 60, years ago. Recent estimates of the Indigenous population at the time of British settlement range from , to one million. People appear to have arrived by sea during a period of glaciation, when New Guinea and Tasmania were joined to the continent ; however, the journey still required sea travel, making them among the world's earlier mariners.
- If they arrived around 70, years ago, they could have crossed the water from Timor, when the sea level was low, but if they came later, around 50, years ago, a more likely route would have been through the Moluccas to New Guinea. Given that the likely landfall regions have been under around 50 metres of water for the last 15, years, it is unlikely that the timing will ever be established with certainty. Aboriginal Australian religious practices associated with the Dreamtime have been practised for tens of thousands of years. The earliest known human remains were found at Lake Mungo , a dry lake in the southwest of New South Wales. The Dreaming established the laws and structures of society and the ceremonies performed to ensure continuity of life and land. It remains a prominent feature of Australian Aboriginal art. Aboriginal art is believed to be the oldest continuing tradition of art in the world. The Aborigines, he noted, did not develop agriculture, probably owing to a lack of seed bearing plants and animals suitable for domestication.
- Thus, the population remained low. Clark considered that the three potential pre-European colonising powers and traders of East Asia—the Hindu-Buddhists of southern India, the Muslims of Northern India and the Chinese—each petered out in their southward advance and did not attempt a settlement across the straits separating Indonesia from Australia. But trepang fisherman did reach the north coast, which they called "Marege" or "land of the trepang". A Luritja man demonstrating his method of attack with a large curved boomerang under cover of a thin shield The greatest population density for Aborigines developed in the southern and eastern regions, the River Murray valley in particular.
- The arrival of Australia's first people affected the continent significantly, and, along with climate change , may have contributed to the extinction of Australia's megafauna. Pugach and colleagues not being able to find the relevant SNP pattern in Southeast Asia is an indication that the people who brought it travelled directly across the Indian Ocean rather than coasting along modern-day Indonesia. Some 10—12, years ago, Tasmania became isolated from the mainland, and some stone technologies failed to reach the Tasmanian people such as the hafting of stone tools and the use of the Boomerang. Tasmania is wrongly shown to be attached to the mainland of Australia, at the bottom of the map.
- The early wave of European observers like William Dampier described the hunter-gatherer lifestyle of the Aborigines of the West Coast as arduous and "miserable". Lieutenant James Cook on the other hand, speculated in his journal that the "Natives of New Holland" the East Coast Aborigines whom he encountered might in fact be far happier than Europeans. Each nation had its own language and a few had multiple, thus over languages existed, around of which are now extinct. Bastions of largely unaltered Aboriginal societies survived, particularly in Northern and Western Australia into the 20th century, until finally, a group of Pintupi people of the Gibson Desert became the last people to be contacted by outsider ways in The Australian native police was a British unit of Aboriginal troopers that was largely responsible for the 'dispersal' of Aboriginal tribes in eastern Australia, but particularly in New South Wales and Queensland The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland.
- No European Nation has a right to occupy any part of their country, or settle among them without their voluntary consent. Conquest over such people can give no just title: because they could never be the aggressors. Bungaree accompanied the explorer Matthew Flinders on the first circumnavigation of Australia. Pemulwuy was accused of the first killing of a white settler in , and Windradyne resisted early British expansion beyond the Blue Mountains.
- According to the historian Geoffrey Blainey , in Australia during the colonial period: "In a thousand isolated places there were occasional shootings and spearings. Even worse, smallpox, measles, influenza and other new diseases swept from one Aboriginal camp to another The main conqueror of Aborigines was to be disease and its ally, demoralisation". It was fought using mostly guerrilla-warfare tactics; however, several conventional battles also took place. The wars resulted in the defeat of the Hawkesbury and Nepean Indigenous clans who were subsequently dispossessed of their lands. A smallpox epidemic was recorded near Sydney in , which wiped out about half the Aborigines around Sydney. Opinion is divided as to the source of the smallpox. Some researchers argue that the smallpox was acquired through contact with Indonesian fishermen in the far north and then spread across the continent, reaching the Sydney area in Tasmania suffered a higher level of conflict than the other British colonies.
- At the same time, some settlers were quite aware they were usurping the Aborigines place in Australia. In , settler Charles Griffiths sought to justify this, writing; "The question comes to this; which has the better right—the savage, born in a country, which he runs over but can scarcely be said to occupy In , anthropologist W. Stanner described the lack of historical accounts of relations between Europeans and Aborigines as "the great Australian silence". William Westgarth 's book on the colony of Victoria observed: "the case of the Aborigines of Victoria confirms Many events illustrate violence and resistance as Aborigines sought to protect their lands from settlers and pastoralists who attempted to establish their presence. Although Tasmanian history is amongst the most contested by modern historians, conflict between colonists and Aborigines was referred to in some contemporary accounts as the Black War.
- Estimates of how many people were killed during the period begin at around , though verification of the true figure is now impossible. The effort failed and George Augustus Robinson proposed to set out unarmed to mediate with the remaining tribespeople in Palmer wrote in "the nature of the blacks was so treacherous that they were only guided by fear—in fact it was only possible to rule There are numerous other massacre sites in Australia, although supporting documentation varies. Aboriginal farmers at Loddon Aboriginal Protectorate Station at Franklinford, Victoria , in Fighting near Creen Creek, Queensland in September From the s, colonial governments established the now controversial offices of the Protector of Aborigines in an effort to avoid mistreatment of Indigenous peoples and conduct government policy towards them. Christian churches in Australia sought to convert Aborigines, and were often used by government to carry out welfare and assimilation policies.
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Colonial churchmen such as Sydney's first Catholic archbishop, John Polding strongly advocated for Aboriginal rights and dignity [64] and prominent Aboriginal activist Noel Pearson born , who was raised at a Lutheran mission in Cape York , has written that Christian missions throughout Australia's colonial history "provided a haven from the hell of life on the Australian frontier while at the same time facilitating colonisation". As the crisis unfolded, national opinion swung behind the Aboriginal people involved, and the first appeal on behalf of an Indigenous Australian to the High Court of Australia was launched. Following the crisis, the anthropologist Donald Thomson was dispatched by the government to live among the Yolngu. Positive accounts of Aboriginal customs and encounters are also recorded in the journals of early European explorers, who often relied on Aboriginal guides and assistance: Charles Sturt employed Aboriginal envoys to explore the Murray-Darling ; the lone survivor of the Burke and Wills expedition was nursed by local Aborigines, and the famous Aboriginal explorer Jackey Jackey loyally accompanied his ill-fated friend Edmund Kennedy to Cape York.- In inland Australia, the skills of Aboriginal stockmen became highly regarded and in the 20th century, Aboriginal stockmen like Vincent Lingiari became national figures in their campaigns for better pay and improved working conditions. The Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission argued that these removals constituted attempted genocide [69] and had a major impact on the Indigenous population. Early European exploration.
- Portugal Question 4 Explanation: Though Christopher Columbus was a Genoan, he was unable to receive support for his expedition to North America from his home country. He was given 17 ships and over 1, men. He also brought domesticated animals, including horses, pigs, and cattle. His orders were to expand the settlement on Hispaniola, convert natives to Christianity, and continue his search for Japan and China.
- Question 6 Which of the following is true about the Treaty of Tordesillas? A It established peace between the Spanish in North America and their neighboring native cultures. B It ended a long-standing military conflict between Spain and Portugal. D It created a boundary line to divide the land discovered in the New World between Spain and Portugal. Following the discovery of the New World by Columbus, the Spanish and Portuguese were both eager to stake claims in the territory. The Treaty of Tordesillas was put in place to avoid potential disputes over land claims. Question 7 Which of the following was an advantage for the Spanish conquistadors in their efforts to defeat larger native armies in Central and South America?
- Spanish explorers learned about potatoes and sent them back to Europe. Over time, European farmers found potatoes to be an easy-to-grow, nutritious crop. Potatoes allowed European populations to increase as people became healthier and better fed. Which of the following is the best main idea of the passage? The Columbian Exchange had a harmful impact on the way people farmed and ate. The Columbian Exchange has not had a lasting impact on the way we farm and eat today. Why were European diseases such as smallpox and measles so devastating to the American Indians? The American Indians got sick and lost their jobs to enslaved Africans. The American Indians were already weak from earlier diseases caught from the Vikings. The American Indians were unprepared when the Europeans used the diseases as weapons of war.
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- This symbol means that you have completed the assignment to the end. In this regard, how do you get answers to Plato? Go to View Answer Key in the unit test screen, and either view the answers online or print them off. What does the E mean in Edmentum? The circle with the E in the Exemption column means the Learner has been exempt from the activity usually a module by an assessment or an Instructor. An empty circle in the Completion column means that the Learner has not started the activity. Accucess is an online diagnostic assessment and curriculum tool that is used to evaluate the knowledge and skills of learners and place them into an appropriate instructional level of content. PLATO Courseware is an online learning program with courses that supplement the traditional classroom through a completely virtual experience, engaging students with interactive, media-rich content. Students take a pretest for each subject to determine their skill level. Similar Asks.
- In , Alfred W. Columbian Exchange — The exchange of goods, ideas, and disease between the old world and new world. The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, named after Christopher Columbus, was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the Americas, West Africa, and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries. In China, for example, the new era began. Some of the documents have been edited for the purpose of this exercise. Featured Articles. Jamestown, Virginia in the Virginia Colony, was founded on May 14, We would recommend this store for you. The Old World didn't escape this issue either, having gray squirrels stow away on ships. This caused the Europeans to want to boost profit the best they could so they traded more slaves. After , American Indian populations suffered virgin-soil epidemics of smallpox, influenza, measles, malaria, yellow fever, and other Old World diseases.
French And Dutch Exploration In The New World (article) | Khan Academy
The Columbian exchange was the transfer of plants, animals, ideas and more between the Americas and the old world during the 15th and 16th century. This essay will first talk about the slavery that happened during the Columbian exchange. He surrendered. The Columbian Exchange is notable for the rats that came across, but it must also be remembered for the grasses and weeds which were introduced. Extensive trade networks - sometimes operating over long distances - allowed for the exchange of products such as animal skins, copper, shells, pigments, pottery, and foodstuffs. This changed both cultures as each place was able to expand their diets as well as benefit from the newly domesticated animals which were brought over. The Columbian Exchange has been one of the most significant events in the history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture.Ninth Grade (Grade 9) Exploration Questions For Tests And Worksheets
Crosby wrote a book called The Columbian Exchange. This happened after Columbus landed in America in That separation lasted so long that it fostered divergent evolution; for instance, the development of rattlesnakes on one side of the Atlantic and vipers. By the close of the decade, civic leaders in St. This ad-free experience offers more features, more stats, and more fun while also helping to support Sporcle. Explain the Columbian Exchange the exchange of diseases, plants, animals, and people between the Old World and the New World in the 15th and 16th centuries. The Columbian. Tags: Question 3. Explain why the Americas were "discovered" and permanently settled by Europeans beginning in and not earlier?Age Of Exploration - Social Studies - Age Of Exploration - Flocabulary
Due to growing populations they couldn't. When Europe started bringing slaves over to the New World, the european colony boosted and colonies were being developed more rapidly in the New World. Lesson summary: The Columbian Exchange. The routes connected four continents: North America, South America, Europe, and Africa, and they linked directly to the old water trade routes established in previous eras.
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